Carbureter.



H. B. BENJAMIN.

CARBURETER. APPLICATION HLED MAR,|2,1EY3\ 1 1 86, l 64. Patented June 6,1916.

4 SHEUS SHEET i.

wing 7 E fie/wean (mg. L/

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

REUBEN IB. BENJAMIN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO BENJAMIN ELECTRICKEG. COMIPANY, OF CHICAGO. DZLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

CARBUBETEB.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 6, 1916.

T 0 all whom it may con/:ern

Be it known that I. Rlzu'nnx B. BENJAMIN, a citizen of the United tates.residing at Chicago, in the county 01 Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented new and useful Improvements in Carburetors, of which thefollowing is a full, clear, concise. and exact description, referencebeing bad to the accompanying drawing, forming a part of thisspecification.

My invention relates to improvements in carburetors for explosiveengines and has for one-of its objects the provision of a carbureterwhich will automatically regulate the air and gasolene supply inaccordance with the speed at which the engine is run.

Another object of my invention is to provide a carburetor which due toits automatic regulation will dispense with the use of the butterflyvalve now in use for controlling or throttling the engine.

Another object of my invention is to provide a carburetor which whileautomatically controlling the supply of air and to the engine will alsopermit of the p 'etermining of the fuel supply to the engine, theautomatic tion operating irrespective of the positron to which thecontrolling f discl or e purpose 0 osmg my mvention I have illustratedin the accompanying dra certain embodiments thereof.

In said drawings, Figure 1 is a transverse view of one form ofcarbureter embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is a. sectional view taken onthe line 2-2 of Fig. I; Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on the line 33of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a sectional view takenont-helineHofFig.2;Fig.5isasectional viewtakenon theline5-5ofFig. 1;Fig. 6 is a longimdinal sectional view of a modified form of carburetorembodying my invention; Fig. 7 is a sediional view taken on the line 77of Fig. 6; Fig. 8 is a sectional view taken on the line 8-8 of Fig. 6;Fig. 9 is a detail sectional view taken on theline99ofFig. 7; and Fig.10isa detail viewlnof thzdmodi ficaton of the diahragm ustrat in p Intime carburetor embodying my invention and illustrated in Figs. 1 to 5,inclusive, I vide a gasolene float chamber 1 which is adapted to receiveits supply of gasolene through an inlet port 2 communicating with thegasolene supply tank by a pipe 3 and controlled by a needle valve 4.This needle valve is mounted upon the hub 5 of a threearmed spider 6.the arms of the spider being connected with suitable floats 7 wherebythe needle valve is controlled by the height of the gasolene in thefloat chamber 1. The top of the float chamber is covered by a cliaphragm8 which is secured over the chamber and between the top of the chamberand the upper casting 9 of the carburetor, suitable flanges 10 on thefloat chamber and 11 on the upper casting being provided to receivesecuring bolts 12 for bolting these two parts of the carburetertogether. The center of the diaphragm 8 is provided with a spray' nozzlein the form of a rivet 13 provided with a cone-shaped opening 14 throughwhich the gasolene from the float chamber is adapted to pass into thecarbureting throat 15 of the carbureting chamber. This spray nozzle iscontrolled by a needle valve 16, the lower stem of which provides aguiding stem for the hub 5 of the spider and is adjustable by means ofthe screw-threaded connection 17 in the bottom of the carbureterchamber.

The throat 15 comprises an opening through a rotatable nut 18 which islocated at the bottom of the mixing chamber 20. This nut isscrew-threadecl into the casting 9 and the screw-threads have a largepitch so that a slight rotation of the nut will cause the mine to movevertically. The lower end of the not when at its lowermost position isadapted to touch the top of the diaphragm 8. suitable air ports 21,however, being provided to permit the pasage beneath the nut of the aireven when the nut is in its lowermost position. The air chamber 22 ofthe carburetor is located around the bottom portion of the nut 18 and isprovided with air ports 23 which communicate with the exterior of thecasting 9. a suitable screen 24 being arranged over the exterior ofthese ports to prevent the entrance of dust and articles of foreignmatter.

Centrally disposed within the nut 18 is a stop valve 25 which issupported on suit able spider arms 26 extending from the inner walls ofthe nut 18 and this valve is located immediately above the gasolenespray valve 14 and in a position to vary the Size of the opening of thisvalve as the dia CJI , found desirah phragm 8 is raised. The nut 18 isadapted to be rotated for the purpose of raising and lowering the sameby a laterally extending arm 27, which may be connected by a rod orlever '28 with suitable operating means on the steering wheel of anautomobile. In addition to the air inlet ports 23 I provide a second airinlet port which is preferably formed by a vertical channel 29 in thenut 18 and a transverse channel 30 in the top of this nut. This verticalchannel as the nut is rotated oommimicates with an opening 31 throughwhich the arm 27 passes and opens more widely the further the nutisrotated to be raised. In order to maintain the atmospheric presure inthe float chamber 1, I provide a suitable vent 31 which communicatesthrough the pipe 32 with the atmosphere.

The operation of the device is as follows: With the nut 18 in theposition illustrated in Fig. 1, a maximum su ply of gasolene and aminimum supply air is admitted tothe chamberlfl. Ithasbeen as the speedof the engine increases to decrease the richness of the mixture, and bythe operation of my carburetor this is automatically brought about. Asthe speed of the engine increases the suction of the pistons in theircylinders will tend to raise the diaphragm 8, thereby moving the valve14 in closer proximity to the needle point and to the of gasolene whichis drawn through the valve 14. At the same time the of air into themixing chamber is also controlled; therefore, the mixture deliveredtothe 'eislessrichlfitisdesired to vary explosive charge to the enginethe nut 18 is rotated, which, in turn,willcausethenuttoverficallyrise,sothatthediaphragmwillhavetoberaiseda greater distance before the needle95 will tazdtoclosethevalve 14. AtthesametimetheraisingofthenutlSwilhadmita greater-m1 l ofairtothennxr' 'ng noto thg fid that the nut '18 is raised above the diaphragm, and also dueto. the

as": Itwillthns semthatm-euse imy improvedtheriesofthemixturedeliremdtotheengiueisautoyvariedinacoordancewrththespeedofthe mgineandatthesametimethechargemay bemanually varied without afiocting the automatic regulation. Aspreviously stated the nut 18 can be screwed down until its lower end thediaphragm 8. The flow ofairisthen solelythroughthesmall m 21. Furtherdownward mot of thenutwillincreasethefuelopeningwithout the airopening-whereby a can be ohtamed whendesired.

The structure illustrated in Eigs'6 to 10 shows a means whereby theclosure valve may be adjusted. In this structure I proride a floatchamber 1 similar to the float chamber illustrated in Fig. 1. Thegasolene inlet, however. is through the valve 31 in the bottom of thefloat chamber 1, which inlet is protected by a screen The valve 33 forcontrolling the gasolene inlet opening is arranged upon the lower end ofa stem 34 which is secured to a hub 5 similar to the hub of the floatillustrated in Fig. 1. The upper end of the stem 34 is guided in adownward extension of a spray nozzle 35 secured in the center of adiaphragm 8, similar in construction and arrangement to the diaphragm 8in the structure illustrated in Fig. 1. This extension 35 is providedwith a plurality of gasolene inlet openings 36 and a verticallyextending central opening 37 through which the throat communicates withthe mixing chamber 39. As in the structure illustrated in Fig. 1,suitable air ports 23 are rovided which communicate with the air c amber22 and the air passes from this chamber into the throat 38 throughopenings 21 in the vertically movable nut 18, similar in generalconstruction to the vertically movable nut illustrated in Fig. 1. Theopening 37 is controlled by a closure member 40, which is similar infunction to the closure member 25 shown in the structure illustrated inFig, 1. This closure member, however, in Fig. 6 takes the form of aneedle valve on the end of a stem 41 which extends up through anextension 42 as 5s m l s top 0 casing ormi t chageber 39 and has its end1 u toreceire squared o 11mg of the arm 43 by which the nut 18 i;rotatable. The stem 4d is screw-threaded into the projection42andhasitopsquaredasattlto receive a wrench or key to permit the rotatiou, of thestem 41 and thereby adjust the valve with to the opening 3? to v theamount of ga'solene fed through If desired, the quantity of air adnn tothe mixing chamber may be caused to be more fully varied by enhn-gingthe head of the rivet through which the valve 37 extends, as shown inFig. 10. The cone-shaped head 45 shown in thisfigurewilltendtoslightlycutdowntheair supply as the di is raised tov cutdown the gasolene amply.

Having-thus described my invention, what Iclaimasnewanddesk'etosecurebyLetters Patenl; is:

1. In acal'zbureter, the combination with a mixing chamber, of a fuelchamber, a dia phragm interposed therebetween, a fuel valve having aseat member and a closure member, one of said members being mounted onthe diaphragm and adapted to respond to the movement imparted to thediaphragm by valve in accordance with-the variations in pressure. in themixing chamber, said valve and: diaphragm so constructed thatmovemenbof. the diaphramn awayfrom the fuel towardthe chamber tends-toclose said valve opening.

3. Thelcombination with a mixing chamber, of a fuel chamber, a diaphragminterposed between said chambers, and a valve for controlliug'theadmission of fuel to said mixing chamberrsaid diaphragm respondingtothe-variationof presure in the mixing chamber and controlling theopening and closing of said valve said valve and diaphngm soconstructed-that movement of the away from the fuel chambcr toward thechamber tends to valve opening.

[141 In a V jeoombination with a interposed between said chambers, aior, the admission of fuel to diaphragm reof pressure in the mixingcontrollingtheopeningland'closingjofthe valve, said valve and sooomtructed that:movesaid valveopening, and means for manually va if theextent of closing and opening of the v ve by the diaphragm.

5. In a carburetor. the combination with a chamber, of a fuel chamber, adiaphragm interposed between said chambers. a valve for controlling theadmision of fuel to said mixing chamber. and a valve for c0ntrolling thesupply of air to the mixing chamber said diaphragm responding to thevariations of pmre in the mixing chamher and controlling the opening andclosing of said valves, said valves and diaphragm being w constructedthat increased suction in the mixing chamber tends to close said valves.

6. In a carburetor. the combination with a fuel chamber, of a mixingchamber having a throat. a diaphragm interposed between siid fuelchamber and mixing chamber. an air inlet formed between the throat ofsaid chamber and the diaphragm, said diaphragm moving in response tovariations in pressure in said mixing chamber and conchamherg ofa fuelchamber, a dia- Phrase: a r the fuel trolling the opening and closing ofsaid air inlet, and means for manually varying the distance between thebottom of said throat and the diaphragm.

7. In a carburetor. the combination with a fuel chamber. of a mixingchamber. a diaphragm interposed between said chambers. said diaphragmhaving an opening therein for the passage of fuel. and a closuremembeifor'said opening. Said diaphragm responding to variations inpremure in said mixing chamber and adapted to close said passage whenmoved toward said closure member under the influence of variations inpressure, said diaphragm and closure memher being so constructed thatincreased suction in the mixing chamber tends to close said fullpassage.

8. In a carburetor. the combination with a fuel chamber, of a mixingchamber. a valve for controlling the admission of fuel from the fuelchamber to the mixing chamber having a movable seat and a stationaryclosure member, means for moving the seat toward the valve member toclose the valve when the speed of the engine rises above a predeterminedpoint. means for varying the distance relation between the closuremember and its seals and means for varying the air supply when thedistance relation between the closure member and its seat is varied.

9. In a carbureter,=the combination with a fuel chamber, of a chamber,:1 diaphragm interposed therebetween and having a. port leadin from thefuel chamber to the mixing chamr, a. closure member for said port, saiddiaphragm being so arranged that when the speed of the engine risesabove a point the increased suction of the engine will move the porttoward the closure member to cut down the fuel supply to the engine andthereby prevent the increased rise of the speed of the engine.

10. In a carbnreter, the combination with a fuel chamber. of a mixingchamber, a diaphragm interposed between said chambers, said diaphragmhaving a port and a vertically adjustable. relatively stationary closuremember for said port. said diaphragm being so arranged that when thespeed of the engine rises above a predetermined point the increasedsuction of the engine will move said port toward the closure mem er toclose the port and thereby cut down the fuel supply of the engine, untilthe speed of the engine drops back to normal.

11. In a carburetor, the combination with a float chamber. of a mixingchamber, a diaphragm interposed between said chambers having a porttherein. a relatively stationary. vertically adjustable closure memberfor said port, said diaphragm being so arranged that the increasedsuction of the engine when the speed thereof rises above a predeterminedpoint will tend tomove the diaphragm to close the port thereof, andmeans whereby the air supply will be varied when said closure member isvertically adjusted.

12. In a carbureter, the combination with a mixing chamber, of a fuelchamber, a flexible diaphragm substantiaily closingthe fuel chamberhaving a main fuel-suppiy port therein communicating with the chamberand forming a valve seat member,

a flexible diaphragm closing the fuel 'cham berha' aporttherein wer mean-i valve seat member, means for supplying e1 to said port, and a valvedevice 005 inthemixingehambertendstocloseth fuel supply.

14, Ina-mrbnreter, the combination with a dumber; ofa fuel chamber, ahex ibie diaphragm substantially closing the fuel chamberhaving a mainfuel supply port therein communicating with the mixing chamber andforming a valve seat member,

means for supplying fuel to said port, and If a valve devicecoiiperating with said valve seat member to control the flow of fueltherethrough, said diaphragm, valve and valve seat being so constructedthat the movement of the diaphragm outwardly from the fuel chamber tendsto close the port 0 a fuel chamber, a mixing chamber, a stifl diaphragmtherebetween ha therein for a valve seat operating with said seat memberto control the flow of fuel therethrough, and an adjustable sleeveextending into the mixing chamber and the diaphragm to control the flowof air and also to operate the diaphragm to control the fuel flow.

pemng.

15. In a. carbureter.

e passage of fuel and formi 0 member, a valve member c b In witneswhereof, I have hereunto sub- 4 my name in the presence of twowitnesses.

: REUBEN B. BENJAMIN.

WZPmYHnm.

M18 m in RW for in eat: eat, hyjiflrcsdng the lot'lngnts MIL-13."

a substantially central opening 1 to close the port thereof, andm'eanswhereby the air su ply will be varied when said closure mem er isvertically adjusted.

12. In a earbureter, the combination with a mining chamber, of a fuelchamber, a fiexible'diaphragm substantially closing the fuel chamberhaving a main fuel supply port therein communicating with the mixingchamber and forming a valve seat member, means for supplying fuel tosaid port, and a valve device cooperating with said valve seat member tocontrol the flow of fuel therethrough, said diaphragm and valve devicebeing so constructed that increased suction in the mixing chamber tendsto close the fuel supply.

13. In a carbureter, the combination with,

a mixing chamber,- of a liquid fuel chamber. a flexible diaphragmclosing the fuel chamher having a port therein communicating with. themixing chamber and forming a valve seat member, means for supplying fuelto said port, and a valve device cooperating with said port to controlthe flow of fuel to saidport, said diaphragm and valve device being soconstructed that increas i in the mixing chamber tends to fuel supply. 1

14.- In a carbureter, the combination with a mixing chamber, of a fuelchamber, a flexment in Oerbureters,

in Letters Patent No. 1,1 86,164.

[sun] that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correc iblediaphragm snbst-antiall closing the fuel chamber having a main K181supply port therein communicating with the mixing chamber and forming a.valve seat member, means for supplying fuel to said port, and a. valvedevice cotiperating with said valve seat member to control the flow offuel therethrough, said diaphragm, valve and. valve seat being soconstructed that the movement of the diaphragm outwardly from the fuelchamber tends to close the port opening.

15. In a carbnreter, a fuel chamber, a mixingchamber, a stiff diaphragmtherebe tween having a substantially central opening therein for thepassage of fuel and forming a valve seat member, a valve membercocrating with said seat member to control Law of fuel therethrimgh, andan adn.v e sleeve extending into the mixing chamber and engagingthediaphragm to control the flow of air and also to operate the diaphragmto control the fuel How, I11 witness whereof, I have hereunto sub--scribed my name in the presence of two witnesses.

REUBEN B. BENJAMIN. \Vitnesses:

E. R. KING, \V. Penny Harm.

It is'hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,186,164, grantedJune a, 191

some may conform to the record of the ease in the Patent (Jfiicm sigmaand sealed this 25th day of July, A. 1)., 191a W. ILeLaY,

Acting Commiseimur cf Patents.

AII

is, for an improvm quiring and ties. therein that the Correction InLetters Pa tent No. 1,186,164.

-oorrection as follows: Page 3, line 83, claim 7, for the word full rvndfzml;

It is'hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,186,164, grantedJum- 6, 1916, upon the application of Reuben Benjamin, of Chicago,Illinois for an impmvomeat in "Carimreters, an el i'or appears 111 theprinted specification requiring an? that the said Imtteia Patent shouldread with this correction them-in tbs? iue same may conform to therecord of the ease in the Patent Officn.

sig ned and aeaied this 25th day of July, A. D., 1916.

hymn.) F. W. H. CLAY,

. Acting Commiaswner qf Path-11 C1. 48l54

